The mitral valve is a crucial part of your heart, ensuring blood flows smoothly between the left atrium and left ventricle. When this valve doesn’t function properly—due to stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leaking)—it can lead to serious complications like heart failure, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
Mitral valve disease can develop from birth (congenital) or due to age, infections, or conditions like rheumatic fever. Many people live with mild symptoms for years, but severe cases require surgical intervention. Understanding this condition helps patients make informed decisions about treatment options.
Early diagnosis is key. If left untreated, mitral valve disease can strain the heart, leading to irreversible damage. Whether you're exploring treatment for yourself or a loved one, knowing the basics empowers you to take the next steps confidently.
Mitral valve repair and replacement are surgical procedures to fix or replace a damaged mitral valve. Repair is preferred whenever possible because it preserves the patient’s natural valve, leading to better long-term outcomes. Replacement involves implanting a mechanical or biological valve.
During repair, surgeons may reshape the valve, remove excess tissue, or reinforce it with a ring (annuloplasty). In replacement, the damaged valve is swapped with an artificial one. The choice depends on factors like age, overall health, and the extent of damage.
Advances in minimally invasive techniques and robotic-assisted surgery have made these procedures safer and reduced recovery times. Your cardiologist and surgeon will guide you toward the best option for your specific condition.
Not everyone with mitral valve disease needs surgery immediately, but certain symptoms signal that intervention is necessary:
If medications and lifestyle changes no longer manage symptoms effectively, surgery may be the next step. Delaying treatment can worsen heart function, so timely action is crucial.
Before recommending surgery, doctors conduct several tests to assess valve function and heart health:
These tests help determine whether repair or replacement is needed and if minimally invasive surgery is an option. Your medical team will explain the results and discuss the best approach for your case.
There are several surgical approaches:
Mechanical valves last longer but require blood thinners, while biological valves (from animal tissue) don’t need thinners but may need replacement after 10–15 years. Your surgeon will recommend the best option based on age, lifestyle, and health.
While mitral valve surgery is generally safe, potential risks include:
Choosing an experienced surgical team minimizes these risks. Discuss concerns with your doctor to understand how complications are prevented and managed.
Recovery varies by procedure type:
Follow-up visits ensure proper healing. Report any unusual symptoms (fever, swelling, chest pain) immediately.
Most patients experience significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life. Key long-term considerations:
With proper care, patients return to normal activities, including work and exercise, within months.
1. How long does a mitral valve repair last?
A successful repair can last a lifetime, but some patients may need future interventions if the valve deteriorates.
2. Is robotic surgery better than traditional surgery?
Robotic surgery offers smaller scars and faster recovery, but it’s not suitable for all cases. Your surgeon will advise the best approach.
3. Can I exercise after mitral valve surgery?
Yes, but gradually. Cardiac rehab guides safe activity progression.